The gut and oral glucose tolerance.

The gut and oral glucose tolerance.

Immunology of the gut and oral tolerance

The gastrointestinal tract has developed a unique immunological system because of its close proximity to the intestinal contents. The system has evolved in such a way that it does not respond to the presence of beneficial microbes, but retains the ability to react quickly to the presence of harmful organisms. The challenge faced by the mucosal immune system is to generate an immune response of ...

Oral glucose tolerance testing.

The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is currently the gold standard for the diagnosis of diabetes. The recommended preparation for and administration of the OGTT are important to ensure that test results are not affected. Interpretation is based on venous plasma glucose results before and 2 hours after a 75 g oral glucose load.

Gut immune system and oral tolerance.

Gut mucosal surfaces separate the external environment from the internal sterile environment and so represent a first line of defence system. This barrier faces environments rich in pathogens that have developed effective mechanisms for colonisation of epithelial surfaces and invasion of mucosal tissues, but also harmless antigens such as food, airborne antigens or commensal bacterial flora. Th...

Prediction of Glucose Tolerance without an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test

Introduction Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is diagnosed by a standardized oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). However, the OGTT is laborious, and when not performed, glucose tolerance cannot be determined from fasting samples retrospectively. We tested if glucose tolerance status is reasonably predictable from a combination of demographic, anthropometric, and laboratory data assessed at one ...